EE-241 ELECTROMECHANICS-I
1. Transformers: Construction, Theory and operation, E.M.F.equation, phasor diagram,
equivalent circuit, open and short circuit tests, back to back test, voltage regulation and
efficiency, autotransformers, three winding transformer, parallel operation of single phase and
three phase transformers, three phase transformer connections, phasor groups, three phase to
two phase and six phase conversion, Harmonics and excitation phenomenon, inrush current
phenomenon.
2. Basic concepts of Rotating Electrical Machines: Constructional details of various rotating
machines, Introduction to Lap and wave windings, EMF generation, Effect of chording and
distribution of winding on EMF, Harmonics in generated emf, MMF of distributed winding,
3. Energy Conversion: Principle of electromechanical energy conversion, energy stored in a
magnetic field system, singly and doubly excited systems.
4. DC Machines: Action of commutator, E.M.F. generated in armature, Torque in DC machines,
Methods of excitation, armature reaction, MMF and flux density wave from the DC Machines,
Commutation process, interpoles and compensating windings. Basic performance equations of
DC machine. Magnetization and operating characteristics of DC generators and DC motors,
starters, Speed control, Ward Leonard system, losses and efficiency.
5. Crossfield Machines: Principle of operation of Rosenberg generators, amplidyne and
metadyne.
BOOKS:
1. Electrical Machinery by P.S. Bhimbra.
2. Electric Machinery by Fitzerald, Kingsley and Umans.
3. Theory of AC Machinery by A.S.Langsdorf.
4. Electrical Machines, Ashfaq Hussian, Dhanpat Rai& Co.
5. Electrical Machinery by Chapman.
EE-352 ELECTROMECHANICS-II
1. Polyphase Induction Machines: Construction, principle of operation, slip, phasor diagram,
equivalent circuits, expression for torque, and output power, slip torque characteristics, effect of
variation of supply voltage and rotor resistance on the characteristics, Circle diagram.
Predetermination of characteristics from the circuit diagram, Drawing circle diagram from
design parameters and no load and blocked rotor test data. Starting of Induction motors, Direct
on line starter, Star-Delta starter and autotransformer starter for cage induction motor, Rotor
resistance starter for slip ring induction motor. Speed control of induction motor by varying
supply voltage, supply frequency and pole changing, speed control of slip ring induction motor
by varying rotor resistance.
2. Special Machines: High torque induction motor, double cage and deep bar rotor construction.
Mains operated and self excited induction generators. Hysteresis motor, Reluctance motor and
Stepper motor, brushless motors.
3. Single Phase Induction Motors: Principle of operation, double revolving field theory,
Equivalent circuit, performance calculations and characteristics, Starting methods, Maximum
starting torque conditions in single-phase induction motors.
4. Synchronous Machine: Types of Exciters for synchronous machines, MMF and EMF phasor
diagrams for cylindrical rotor synchronous machines, Armature reaction open and short circuit
characteristics, Leakage reactances, Synchronous reactance, Phasor diagram under loaded
conditions, Load characteristics, Predetermination of regulation by EMF and Portier triangle
methods for non-salient pole alternators. Steady state power flow equations, Power angle
characteristics, Constant excitation and constant power output, Circle diagram for synchronous
machines. Two reaction theory for salient pole alternators and pre-determination for regulation,
slip test, V curves, inverted V curves, Compounding curves for synchronous motors.
Synchronizing power, synchronizing torque, Hunting and its suppression, Starting of
synchronous motor, Synchronous condenser.
5. Parallel Operation of Alternators: Synchronizing, Synchroscope, Parallel operation of
alternators, Alternator on infinite bus bar, Effect of change of excitation and prime mover inputs,
Expressions for power developed as a function of torque angle, maximum power.
BOOKS:
1. Electrical Machinery by P.S. Bhimbra.
2. Electrical Machinery by Fitzerald, Kingsley and Uman.
3. Theory of A.C. Machines by A.S.Langsdorf.
4. The performance and Design of Alternating current-machines by M.G.Say.
EE-484 ELECTRIC DRIVES
Introduction to an electric drive system. Dynamic equations of an electric drive, torque
equations, multi-quadrant operation, type of loads, energy loss during transients and load
equalization. Control of electric drives – speed control, closed loop position and speed
control. Selection of motor rating – thermal model of motor, classes of duty and
determination of motor rating for different classes duty. DC motor drive – starting, braking,
transient analysis, speed control, controlled rectifier converters for DC drives and chopper
fed DC drives. Induction motor drive – starting, braking, transient analysis, speed control,
ac controller fed induction motor, voltage source inverter, current source inverter and cylcoconverter
fed induction motor drive. Brushless DC, stepper and reluctance motor.
BOOKS:
1. Electrical Drives- G.K. Dubey, Narosa Publishing House.
2. A First Course on Electrical Drives, S.K. Pillai
EE-361 CONTROL ENGINEERING
1. Introduction: Control system, servo-mechanism, open loop and closed loop systems,
mathematical modeling of physical systems, mechanical and electrical system analogy, signal
flow graphs, Block diagram representation and reduction techniques, feedback and non feedback
systems, regenerative and degenerative feedback, effect of variation of system parameters on
system performance, advantages of feedback.
2. Control Components: General block diagram of a control system, a.c. and d.c. Servomotors,
a.c. tachometer, synchro transmitter and receiver, synchro pair as control transformer, a.c
position control system, stepper motor.
3. Time Domain Analysis: Introduction, standard input signals, Response of 1st and 2nd order
systems, time domain specifications i.e. rise time, peak time, delay time, peak overshoot, settling
time steady state error etc., different types of feedback systems, Steady state errors for unit step,
unit ramp and unit parabolic inputs, Effect of addition of zero to the system.
4. Stability analysis: Introduction, concept of stability, conditions for stable system, asymptotic,
relative and marginal stability, Routh-Hurwitz criterion for stability and various difficulties with
Routh-Hurwitz criterion.
5. Root Locus Technique: Introduction, concepts of root locus, construction of root loci, and
various rules pertaining to locus diagram development.
6. Frequency Domain Analysis and Stability: Introduction, Relation between time and
frequency response for 2nd order system, Bode plot, construction procedure for bode plot, gain
cross over and phase cross over frequency, gain margin and phase margin, Nyquist plot and
Nyquist stability criterion.
7. Control System Design: Introduction, Selection and realization of basic compensators like
lead, lag and lag-lead compensators etc.
8. PID Controller: Introduction, various control actions like proportional, derivative and integral
control and their combinations, derivative feedback control.
BOOKS:
1. Modern Control Engineering by K. Ogata.
2. Control System Engineering by Nagrath and Gopal.
3. Automatic control Systems by B.C. Kuo
EE-242 POWER SYSTEM
1. Introduction to MATLAB and its application
2. Mechanical Design of Line: Catenary method, loading on conductors, conductor, clearance
from ground, erection sag and tension, sag-template.
3. Insulators: Types of insulator, voltage distribution and string efficiency method to improve
voltage distribution.
4. Parameters of Transmission Line: Inductance of two-write line, three-phase line inductance
and bundle conductor line, line capacitance of two – wire line, three phase line. Effect of earth on the
line capacitance of bundled conductors lines.
5. Transmission Line Performance: Classification of the line, ABCD constant of line, short
time, T & II model of medium length line, rigorous analysis of long transmission line, Ferranti
effect, surge impedance loading, power flow through a line, power circle diagram, control of voltage
and reactive power.
6. Traveling Waves: Wave equations, surge impedance, energy and power of a surge, velocity of
traveling of waves, reflection and refraction of waves, Bweley lattice diagram.
7. Corona:The phenomenon of corona critical disruptive voltage, corona power loss, radio
interference minimization of corona.
8. Underground Cables: Cable construction, dielectric stress insulation resistance, grading of
cables, cable capacitance, and types of cable.
9. Power Generation and Distribution System: Different types of generating systems, radial
and ring main distribution systems.
BOOKS:
1. Electrical Power System by Ashfaq Hussain, CBS Publisher Distributors, New Delhi
2. Power System Analysis by Hadi Sadat Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd.
3. Elements of power System Analysis by WB Stevenso, Mc Graw Hill
4. Modern Power System Analysis by Nagrath & Kothari Tata McGraw Hill
EE-243 ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD THEORY
1. INTRODUCTION: Review of vector analysis: Scalar & vector, products: gradient, divergent and
curl of a vector and their physical explanation-Transformation amongst rectangular, cylinderical and
spherical co-ordinate system.
2. ELECTROSTATICS: Coulomb's law, electric field intensity from point charges, field due to
continuous distribution of charges, gauss’s law, Electric displacement and displacement density
potential function, potential field of a point charge, laplace’s and poison’s equations.
3. MAGNETOS-TATICS: Magnetic field intensity and magneto motive force, Ampere’s Circuital
law, Energy stored, biot-savart law, vector potential, magnetic dipole.
4. TIME DEPENDENT FIELDS: Ampere's work law in differential vector form, continuity of
currents, conduction and displacement current. Maxwell's equations and their interpretations, boundary
conditions. Wave equations, sinusoidal time varying fields, uniform plane wave in dielectric and
conductor media, skin effect and depth of penetration, reflection and refraction of plane waves at
boundaries for normal and oblique incidence surface impedance.
5. ENERGY FLOW AND POYNTING VECTOR: Pointing theorem, interpretation of ExH. Simple
application, complex pointing vector.
6. GUIDED WAVES: (a) Transmission line theory from the circuit concept, properties; constants;
transmission line equations; infinite line; reflections in transmission lines; voltage, current and
impedance relations-open and short circuit lines; Experimental determination of line constants.
Standing wave ratio; impedance matching, quarter and half wave lines single stub and double stub
matching; circle diagram - Smith chart.
(b) Waves between parallel plane; Transverse Electric wave, Transverse magnetic waves;
characteristics of TE & TM waves; Transverse Electromagnetic waves; velocity of propagation;
Attenuation in parallel plane guides; wave impedance.
BOOKS:
1. Electromagnetic waves & radio system by Jorden R.F.
2. Principle and applications of Electromagnetic fields by Ptonsey R and Collin R.P.
3. Applied Electromagnetic by Planus M.A.
EE-244 POWER ELECTRONICS
1. Characteristics of Various Solid State Devices: Power diode, Power transistor, MOSFET,
Thyristor & its two transistor model, Triac, Gate turn off thyristor (GTO), insulated gate bipolar
transistor (IGBT), comparison of switching power devices, turn on & turn off characteristics, driver
circuits.
2. AC to DC Converters: Natural commutation, single phase and three phase bridge rectifiers, semicontrolled
& fully controlled rectifiers, dual converters, effect of load and source inductance,
inverter operation.
3. DC to DC Converters: Thyristor choppers, voltage, current and load commutation, step up
Choppers, basic principles of switch mode power supplies, buck, boost and buck-boost converters.
4. DC to AC Inverters: Voltage source inverters, single phase inverter, three phase inverter,
harmonic reduction techniques and PWM techniques, current source inverter.
5. AC to AC Converters: Single phase & 3-phase AC voltage controllers using thyristors & trial
integral cycle control, AC choppers, single phase cycle converters, applications, effects of
harmonics & electromagnetic interference.
BOOKS:
1. Recent Advances in Semiconductor Devices by B.K.Bose.
2. An Introduction to Thyristor and their applications by M.Ramamurthy.
3. Power Electronics - P.S.Bhimbra.
4. Thyristorised Power Controllers- Dubey, Doradla, Joshi and Sinha
5. Power Electronics, M.H. Rashid
6. Power Electronics (Converter, Applications & Design), Ned Mohan, T. M Undeland & W. P.
Robbin
EE-231 ELECTRIC CIRCUIT THEORY
1. Introduction: Techniques for analysis of circuits, Kirchoff’s laws, nodal and mesh analysis, star
delta transformation, solution of electrical circuits by classical method, introduction to Laplace
transform and application to electrical circuits, analysis of special signal waveforms, duality of
networks, coupled circuits, loop and nodal equations for coupling elements based circuits.
2. Network theorems: Superposition and Reciprocity theorem, Thevenin’s and Norton’s theorem,
Millman’s theorem, maximum power transfer theorem, compensation, Tellegan’s theorem, analysis
of circuits using theorems.
3. Network Functions: Introduction, driving point and transfer functions, poles and zeros and their
significance, network functions for one port and two port networks, time domain behavior from the
pole-zero plot.
4. Graph Theory: Introduction, concept of graphs of the networks, trees and their properties,
incidence matrix, fundamental tie-set matrix, fundamental cut-set matrix, equilibrium equations on
loop and node bases and their solutions.
5. Two-Port Network: Introduction, Different parameters and relationship between different
parameters, inter-connections of two port networks, open circuit and short-circuit impedances and
ABCD constants, image impedance, image parameters.
BOOKS:
1. Network and Systems by D. Roy Chowdhury, “Wiley Eastern”.
2. Engineering Circuit Analysis by W. H. Hayt and J.E. Kemmerly, “McGraw Hill ”.
3. A Course in Electrical Circuit Analysis by Soni and Gupta, “Dhanpat Rai & Sons”.
4. Modern Network Synthesis by M. E. Van Vallkenburg, “Wiley Eastern”.
5. Electronic devices and Circuit theory by R.L. Boylestad and L. Nashelesky, “PHI”
ECE-231 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS & LOGIC DESIGN
1. Number system & Codes: Binary, Octal, Hexadecimal number systems and their interconversion,
Binary Arithmetic (Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division), Diminished
radix and radix compliments, BCD codes, 8421 code, Excess-3 code, Gray code, error detection and
correction, Hamming code.
2. Logic Gates, Boolean Algebra & Logic Families: Axiomatic definition of Boolean Algebra,
Basic Theorems and properties of Boolean Algebra, Boolean Functions, Canonical and Standard
forms, Digital Logic Gates. Various Logic Families like TTL and ECL etc., working and their
characteristics, MOS and CMOS devices.
3. Combinational Logic Design: The map method, Two, Three, Four and Five variable maps, Sum
of products and Product of Sums Simplification, NAND and NOR implementation, incompletely
specified functions, Ex-OR functions, The tabulation method, Determination of Prime implicants,
Selection of Essential Prime implicants, The cube notation, Sharp operation, Iterative Consensus,
Generalized Consensus, Minimization of Multiple output switching functions, Determining Prime
implicants using Generalized Consensus, Finding a Minimum cover, Breaking cyclic and similar
structures.
4. MSI and PLD Components: Binary adder and subtractor, Multiplexers, Decoders /
Demultiplexers, Read Only Memory, Programmable Logic Arrays, Programmable Array Logic.
Implementation of Combinatorial Logic using these devices.
5. Synchronous Sequential Logic: Introduction, Flip-flops, Triggering of Flip-flops, Analysis of
clocked sequential circuits, state reduction and assignment, Flip-flop Excitation tables, Design
procedures, Design of counters and registers, Hazards and Glitches, Race conditions, incompletely
specified cases.
BOOKS:
1. M. Morris Mano, Digital Design, Prentice Hall of India.
2. Thomas Downs and Mark F Schulz, Logic Design with Pascal, Van Nostrand Reinhold.
EE-362 MICROPROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE AND
INTERFACING
1. Introduction to Microprocessors and Microcomputers: Evolution of microprocessors and
digital computers, single-chip microcomputers, large and small computers, microprocessor
applications.
2. Microprocessor Architecture: Intel 8085, ALU, timing & control unit, registers, opcode &
operands, Instruction cycle: fetch operation, execute operation, machine cycle and state,
instruction & data flow. Timing diagram: for op-code fetch cycle, memory read, I/O read,
memory write & I/O write, RISC & CISC processors.
3. Serial I/O and Interrupts: Interrupts in 8085, RST instructions, multiple interrupts and
priorities. Instruction set of 8085: Instruction and data formats, Addressing modes: direct,
register, register indirect, immediate and implicit addressing mode, status flags, Classification of
instructions: Data transfer group, Arithmetic group, Logical group, Branch, Stack, I/O and
Machine control group.
4. Assembly Language programming: assembly language programs using 8085 instruction set,
such as addition, subtraction, shift left, shift right, multiplication, division and involving loops,
arrays, subroutines and stacks.
5. Memories and their Interfacing: Types of memory, ROM & its types, RAM & its types,
address decoding, interfacing of memories.
6. Peripheral Devices and Interfacing: Data transfer schemes: synchronous data transfer,
asynchronous data transfer, interrupt driven data transfer, DMA transfer, cycle stealing and burst
mode of DMA, 8257 DMA controller, programmable interrupt controller (PIC) Intel 8259,
programmable peripheral interface (PPI) Intel 8255, programmable interval timer Intel 8253,
programmable communication interface Intel 8251.
BOOKS:
1. Microprocessor Architecture, Programming and Applications with the 8085/8080A,
R.S.Gaonkar,
2. Introduction to Microprocessor, A.P.Mathur.
3. Fundamentals of Microprocessors and Microcomputers, B.Ram.
4. Microprocessors Comprehensive Studies, Naresh Grover.
5. Microprocessor Microcomputer and their Applications, A.K.Mukhopadhyay.
EE-363 MICROELECTRONICS & INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
1. Introduction: Advantages and limitations of integrated circuits over discrete component,
Integrated circuits and Hybrid devices. Classification of IC's, concepts and features of SSI,
LSI and VLSI – Bipolar and MOS techniques. Features of hybrid IC Technology: Thick film
technology, Thick film substrate, Thick film processes, thin film technology, thin film processes.
2. Integrating Circuits: Linear Integrating Circuits, IC terminology, fabrication of ICs, crystal
growth and wafer preparation, oxidation, etching, diffusion, ion implantation, masking,
photolithography, metalization and interconnection, testing and packaging, popular applications
of ICs, monolithic diodes, integrated resistors, capacitors and inductors.
3. Operational amplifier applications: Comparators, inverting amplifier, non-inverting
amplifier, adder, subtractor, multiplier, divider, differentiator, integrator, basic differential
amplifier, instrumentation amplifier, voltage to current converter, precision rectifier, sample and
hold circuit.
4. Filters: Active versus passive filters, basic low pass filter, low-pass Butterworth filter, high
pass Butterworth filters, band pass filters, notch filters, Introduction to integrated circuit timer,
operating modes of 555 timer and its applications.
BOOKS:
1. Integrated Electronics-Analog and Digital Circuit Systems, Millman and Halkias
2. Integrated Circuits, Botkar,
3. Op-amps & Linear Integrated Circuits, Robert F. Coughlin & Frederick F. Driscoll.
4. VLSI Technology, S.M. Sze.
5. VLSI Fabrication Principles, Gandhi S.K John Willey & Sons.
6. Principle of Electronics, V. K. Mehta.
EE-351 PROTECTION AND SWITCHGEAR
1. Per Unit Representation: Per unit quantities, advantages of per unit system on line diagrams
and preparation of impedance diagram.
2. Fault Calculations: Symmetrical faults, symmetrical components, un symmetrical faults on
power system, Z-bus building algorithm, Fault calculation to generalized three phase fault.
3. Electromagnetic Relays: Basic requirements of protective relaying, classification of relays,
non directional over-current and directional over current relay, differential and protection,
distance relays, carrier current protection, power apparatus protection of bus bar, feeder, feeder
and transmission line protection; alternator and transformer protection.
4. Static Relays: Basic components of static relays, logic circuits, smoothing circuit, voltage
regulators, square-wave generator, time delay circuits, level detectors, summation devices,
sampling circuits, zero crossing detector, output devices. Amplitude comparator and phase
comparator, over current and directional over current static relay, static distance relay schemes.
Microprocessor and interfacing microprocessor based over current relay, impedance relay,
directional relay, distance relays mho and off set mho relays.
5. Circuit Breakers: Properties of arc, restriking and recovery voltage, current chopping,
interruption of capacitive current, rating of circuit breakers, Classification of circuit breaker and
their functioning, selection of circuit breakers and recent developments in circuit breakers.
6. Introduction to intelligent protection.
BOOKS:
1. Power System Protection, Static Relays by TSM Rao
2. Power System Protection and Switchgear by Ravindernath & M Chander
3. Power System Protection and Switchgear by B Ram & DN Vishwakaram
4. Power System Protection, Static Relays by MA date, Bhuvnash Oza & NC Nair,
5. Switchgear and Protection by Sunil S Rao
6. Elements of Power System Analysis by WD Stevenson
EE-232 ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS
1. Errors & Accuracy: Static error, Static calibration, Error calibration curve, Limiting
errors,Relative limiting errors, Types of errors- Gross Errors, Systematic Errors, Random
(Residual) Errors, Accuracy and precision, Static sensitivity, Linearity, Hysteresis, Threshold,
Dead Time, Resolution of instrument, Loading effects, Introduction to measurement standards.
2. Electrical & Magnetic Measurements: Introduction, D’Arsonval galvanometer, moving iron
& moving coil instruments, Electrodynamometer, Electrostatic Instruments, Induction type
energy-meter, wattmeter. Determination of B-H curve and Hysteresis loop.
3. Resistance Measurements: Methods of measurement of low, medium and high resistance,
measurement of earth resistance, localization of cable faults by Murray and Varley loop test.
4. Inductance and capacitance Measurements: Measurement of inductance and capacitance by
A.C. Bridge methods, Q-factor and dissipation factor. Sources of errors in bridge circuits,
Shielding of bridge elements, Wagner Earthing Device.
5. Measurement of Power Factor and Frequency: Single phase, three phase Electrodynamometer
type power factor meter. Moving iron Power factor meters, Types of frequency
meter, mechanical resonance type, Electrical resonance type, Ratio meter type and Weston
frequency meter.
6. Potentiometers: Basic D.C. potentiometer circuit, Modern form of D.C. potentiometer,
measurement of voltage, current, Resistance and calibration of voltmeter & ammeter using
D.C. potentiometer, volt ratio box, A.C. potentiometers and their applications.
7. Instrument Transformers: Introduction, Use of Instrument transformers, Ratios, Basic
constructional features of C.T.and P.T., ratio & phase angle errors, Reduction of Errors
BOOKS:
1. A course of Electrical and Electronics Measurements and Instrumentation by A.K. Sawhney.
2. Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques by W.D. Cooper & A.D. Helfrick.
3. Electrical Measurement & Measuring Instruments by E.W. Golding.
EE-245 TRANSDUCERS & SIGNAL CONDITIONING
1. Transducers: Introduction, classification, Mechanical devices as primary detectors, Basic
requirements of a transducer, Electrical transducers, Type of transducers for measuring
displacement, strain, vibration, pressure, Flow, temperature, force, torque, liquid level,
Humidity, P. H. value, velocity (angular & linear), acceleration, Basic principles of resistive
transducers, Inductive transducers, capacitive transducers, Thermoelectric transducers,
Piezoelectric transducers, Hall effect transducers, Electromechanical transducers, Photoelectric
transducers, Digital transducers
2. Signal Processing Circuits: Introduction, ideal op-amp, Operational amplifier specifications,
Zero crossing detector, Zero crossing detector with Hysteresis, inverting and non-inverting
amplifiers, Voltage-follower, Adder, subtractor, Multiplier, divider, integrator, Differentiator,
voltage to current converter, current to voltage converter, Phase shifter circuit, Absolute-Value
circuit, Peak detector, AC to DC converter, logarithmic converter, Differential-amplifier,
Instrumentation amplifier, Analog Modulators & demodulators,
3. Data Display and Recording Systems: Introduction to Analog and digital display methods,
Analog Recorders, C.R.O., Magnetic tape recorders, digital input-output Devices, Digital
frequency meter, Digital Voltmeter.
4. Data Transmission and Telemetry: Introduction, Characteristics of Frequency division
multiplexing, Time-division multiplexing, Transmission channels and media.
5. Data Acquisition and Conversion: Introduction, signal conditioning of the inputs, single
channel D A S, Multi-channel D A S, Data Conversion, Multi-plexer and S/H circuit, A/D
converter.
BOOKS:
1. Transducers and Instrumentation of by D.V.S. Murty (PHI)India.
2. Instrumentation Devices & Systems by C.S. Rangan, G.R. Sarma, V.S.V. Mani (TMH) New
Delhi.
3. A course in Electrical & Electronic Measurements & Instrumentation by A.K.Sawhney.
4. Operational Amplifiers and Linear Integrated Circuits by Robert F. Coughlin & Frederick F.
Driscoll, (PHI) India.
5. Measurement Systems (application & Design) by Ernest O. Doebelin
EE-364 SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS
1. Introduction: Continuous time and discrete time signals, periodic signals, energy and power
signal, transformer of independent variables, even and odd signals, exponential and sinusoidal
signal, unit impulse and unit step functions, interconnections of systems, systems with and
without memory, causality, stability, linearity and time invariance.
2. Linear Time Invariant Systems: Introduction, discrete LTI systems, Convolution continuous
time unit impulse response and convolution integral representation of LTI systems, properties of
LTI systems, Stability, causal LTI system described by difference equation, singularity
functions.
3. Fourier Series representation: Introduction response of LTI systems to complex exponentials,
Fourier series representation for continuous time periodic signals, convergence of Fouier series,
properties of continuous time Fourier series, Fourier series representation of discrete time
periodic signals, properties of discrete time Fourier series, Fourier series and LTI system,
frequency shaping and frequency selective filters, discrete time filters.
4. Continuous time Fourier Transform: Introduction, representation for a periodic signals,
Fourier series representation of a periodic signals, convergence of Fourier transform, Fourier
Transform for periodic, properties of continuous time Fourier transform, convolution and
multiplication properties systems described by linear constant coefficient different equations.
5. Discrete time Fourier Transform: Introduction representation for a periodic signals, DTFT,
Fourier transform for periodic signals, convergence of the Fourier transform Gibbs phenomenon,
properties of discrete time Fourier transform convolution and mortification properties, system
described by linear constant coefficient difference equations.
6. Time and Frequency Characterization of signal and system: Introduction, magnetic and
phase representation of Fourier transform, magnitude and phase representation of frequency
response of LTI system, Linear and nonlinear phase, group delay, log magnitude plot, time
domain and frequency domain aspects of non-ideal filters 1st and 2nd order continuous time and
discrete time systems.
7. Sampling: Introduction, sampling theorem, sampling with zero order hold reconstruction of a
signal from its samples, aliasing, sampling of discrete time signals, decimation and interpolation.
BOOKS:
1. Signals and Systems, Oppenheim, Willsky & Hamid Nawab.
2. Digital Signal Processing, Proakis and Manolakis.
3. Digital Siganl Processing, Sanjit K Mitra.
EE-471 DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING
1. Introduction: Basic elements of digital signal processing, comparison of analog and digital
signal processing, multi-channel and multi-dimensional signals, random and deterministic
signals, FIR and IIR systems, recursive and non-recursive systems, correlation of discrete time
signals.
2. Discrete Fourier Transform and Fast Fourier Transform: Frequency domain sampling and
reconstruction of discrete time signals, DFT, DFT as linear transformation, frequency analysis of
signals using DFT, properties of DFT, circular convolution, linear filtering methods based on
DFT, overlap save and overlap add method, FFT algorithms, decimation in time and decimation
in frequency algorithms, applications of FFT algorithms, linear filtering approach to
computation of the DFT, Goertzel algorithm.
3. Implementation of Discrete Time Systems: Structures for the realization of LTI systems,
recursive and non-recursive realization of FIR systems, structures for FIR systems, direct form,
cascade form, frequency sampling and lattice structures, structures for IIR systems, direct form,
signal flow graphs and transposed structure, cascade, parallel form and lattice structures.
4. Design of FIR Digital Filters: Introduction, LTI systems as frequency selective filters, Paley-
Wiener theorem, characteristics of frequency selective filters, design of linear phase FIR filters,
design of digital filters by placement of poles and zeros in z-plane, digital resonators, Notch
filters, Comb filters and all pass filters, design of linear phase FIR filters using windows and by
frequency sampling method.
5. Design of IIR Digital Filters: Introduction, design of IIR filters from their analog counterparts,
design using approximation of derivatives, impulse invariance, bilinear transformation and
matched z-transformation, frequency transformations in analog and digital domains, design of
digital filters based on least squares method, design of IIR filters in frequency domain.
BOOKS:
1. Digital Signal Processing, Proakis and Manolakis
2. Theory and Application of Digital Signal Processing, Rabiner and Gold
3. Digital Signal Processing, Sanjit K. Mitra.
4. Digital Signal Processing, Oppenheim and Schafer
2
EE-472 ANALOG AND DIGITAL COMMUNICATION
SYSTEMS
1. Introduction to communications systems: Communication process, sources of information,
communication channels, base band and pass band signals, representation of signals and
systems, switched communication systems.
2. Continuous-wave modulation: Amplitude modulation (AM), frequency spectrum of the AM
wave, representation of AM, power relations in the AM wave., AM detector, vestigial side-band
modulation.
3. Angle Modulation: Frequency spectrum of Frequency Modulation (FM) and Phase
Modulation, generation of FM (direct and indirect method), demodulation of FM signal.
4. Radio receiver: Tuned Radio-Frequency (TRF) receiver, Super heterodyne receiver.
5. Pulse Modulation: Sampling process, Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM), Time Division
Multiplexing (TDM), Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), Pulse Width Modulation
(PWM), Pulse Position Modulation (PPM).
6. Digital Modulation Techniques: Quantization process, Pulse Code Modulation (PCM),
Differential Pulse Code Modulation (DPCM), Delta Modulation (DM), Adaptive Delta
Modulation, Amplitude –Shift Keying (ASK), Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK), Phase-Shift
Keying (PSK).
7. Advanced Communication Systems: Computer communication system, satellite
communications, mobile communication.
BOOKS:
1. Communication Systems, Simon Haykin
2. An Introduction to Analog and Digital Communications, Haykin
3. Principles of Communication Systems, H. Taub and D.L. Schilling
4. Electronic Communication Systems, George Kennedy
5. Principles of Communication Engineering, Anokh Singh
3
EE-474 HIGH VOLTAGE ENGINEERING
1. Introduction: Electric field stresses, liquid breakdown, solid breakdown, Estimation and
control of Electric stress, Surge voltage, their distribution and control, electromagnetic field
calculations in a single/multi dielectrics, geometric bodies and design aspects including
field measurement techniques.
2. Conduction and Breakdown in Gases: Gases as insulating medium, Ionization Processes,
equations criterion for breakdown, experimental determinations of ionization coefficient
(Alfa, Gamma), streamer theory of breakdown in gases, Paschen’s law, uniforms & nonuniform
fields, corona discharges, practical consideration in using gases for insulation
purposes and recent trends.
3. Conduction and breakdown in liquid: Liquids as insulators, pure liquids and commercial
liquids, conduction and breakdown in pure liquids, cavitation & bubble theory, thermal
mechanism, stressed oil volume theory, measurement of dielectric & chemical properties
for power equipments, their significance and latest trends.
4. Breakdown in solid dielectrics: Introduction, intrinsic breakdown, electronic,
electromechanical, thermal breakdown, breakdown of solid insulation in practices,
breakdown phenomenon in composite insulation, solid dielectrics used in practice,
dielectric/mechanical/chemical properties considerations, their significance and
measurements.
5. Generation of High Voltages and currents: Generation of high voltage DC (HVDC),
High alternating voltages (HVAC), generation of impulse voltages, components of modular
integrated impulse, DC and AC equipments and their practical considerations.
6. Measurement of High Voltages and Currents: Measurement of high D.C. Voltage,
HVAC and impulse voltages, sphere gap, various types of gaps resistance and capacitors
potential divider crest voltmeters, electrostatic voltmeter, measurement of partial discharges
& its significance.
7. Over voltage phenomenon and insulation coordination in electric power systems:
Natural causes for over voltages lightning phenomenon, switching over voltages and power
frequency over voltages in power systems, principles of insulation of high voltage and extra
high voltage systems, surge diverters.
BOOKS:
1. High Voltage Engineering, M.S.Naidu and V.Kamaraju.
2. High Voltage Engineering, E.Kuffel and M. Alldullah.
3. High Voltage Trends, M.Chaurasia.
4 High Voltage Engineering, E.Kuffel and Zaengal.
5. High Voltage Test Techniques, Dieter Kind, Kurt Fesser.
